WaitGroup的用途:它能夠一直等到所有的goroutine執(zhí)行完成,并且阻塞主線程的執(zhí)行,直到所有的goroutine執(zhí)行完成。
官方對(duì)它的說明如下:
A WaitGroup waits for a collection of goroutines to finish. The main goroutine calls Add to set the number of goroutines to wait for. Then each of the goroutines runs and calls Done when finished. At the same time, Wait can be used to block until all goroutines have finished.
sync.WaitGroup只有3個(gè)方法,Add(),Done(),Wait()。
其中Done()是Add(-1)的別名。簡(jiǎn)單的來說,使用Add()添加計(jì)數(shù),Done()減掉一個(gè)計(jì)數(shù),計(jì)數(shù)不為0, 阻塞Wait()的運(yùn)行。
例子代碼如下:
同時(shí)開三個(gè)協(xié)程去請(qǐng)求網(wǎng)頁(yè), 等三個(gè)請(qǐng)求都完成后才繼續(xù) Wait 之后的工作。
var wg sync.WaitGroup
var urls = []string{
"http://www.golang.org/",
"http://www.google.com/",
"http://www.somestupidname.com/",
}
for _, url := range urls {
// Increment the WaitGroup counter.
wg.Add(1)
// Launch a goroutine to fetch the URL.
go func(url string) {
// Decrement the counter when the goroutine completes.
defer wg.Done()
// Fetch the URL.
http.Get(url)
}(url)
}
// Wait for all HTTP fetches to complete.
wg.Wait()
或者下面的測(cè)試代碼
用于測(cè)試 給chan發(fā)送 1千萬次,并接受1千萬次的性能。
package main
import (
"fmt"
"sync"
"time"
)
const (
num = 10000000
)
func main() {
TestFunc("testchan", TestChan)
}
func TestFunc(name string, f func()) {
st := time.Now().UnixNano()
f()
fmt.Printf("task %s cost %d \r\n", name, (time.Now().UnixNano()-st)/int64(time.Millisecond))
}
func TestChan() {
var wg sync.WaitGroup
c := make(chan string)
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
for _ = range c {
}
wg.Done()
}()
for i := 0; i num; i++ {
c - "123"
}
close(c)
wg.Wait()
}
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