import sys
class A():
def __init__(self):
'''初始化對(duì)象'''
print('object born id:%s' %str(hex(id(self))))
def f1():
'''循環(huán)引用變量與刪除變量'''
while True:
c1=A()
del c1
def func(c):
print('obejct refcount is: ',sys.getrefcount(c)) #getrefcount()方法用于返回對(duì)象的引用計(jì)數(shù)
if __name__ == '__main__':
#生成對(duì)象
a=A() # 此時(shí)為1
#del a # 如果del，下一句會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)， = 0，被清理
print('obejct refcount is: ', sys.getrefcount(a)) # 此時(shí)為2 getrefcount是一個(gè)函數(shù) +1
func(a)
#增加引用
b=a
func(a)
#銷毀引用對(duì)象b
del b
func(a)
執(zhí)行結(jié)果：
object born id:0x7f9abe8f2128
obejct refcount is: 2
obejct refcount is: 4
obejct refcount is: 5
obejct refcount is: 4
導(dǎo)致引用計(jì)數(shù) +1 的情況
對(duì)象被創(chuàng)建，例如 a=23
對(duì)象被引用，例如 b=a
對(duì)象被作為參數(shù)，傳入到一個(gè)函數(shù)中，例如func(a)
對(duì)象作為一個(gè)元素，存儲(chǔ)在容器中，例如list1=[a,a]
導(dǎo)致引用計(jì)數(shù)-1 的情況
對(duì)象的別名被顯式銷毀，例如del a
對(duì)象的別名被賦予新的對(duì)象，例如a=24
一個(gè)對(duì)象離開它的作用域，例如 f 函數(shù)執(zhí)行完畢時(shí)，func函數(shù)中的局部變量（全局變量不會(huì)）
對(duì)象所在的容器被銷毀，或從容器中刪除對(duì)象
循環(huán)引用導(dǎo)致內(nèi)存泄露
def f2():
'''循環(huán)引用'''
while True:
c1=A()
c2=A()
c1.t=c2
c2.t=c1
del c1
del c2
執(zhí)行結(jié)果
id:0x1feb9f691d0
object born id:0x1feb9f69438
object born id:0x1feb9f690b8
object born id:0x1feb9f69d68
object born id:0x1feb9f690f0
object born id:0x1feb9f694e0
object born id:0x1feb9f69f60
object born id:0x1feb9f69eb8
object born id:0x1feb9f69128
object born id:0x1feb9f69c88
object born id:0x1feb9f69470
object born id:0x1feb9f69e48
object born id:0x1feb9f69ef0
object born id:0x1feb9f69dd8
object born id:0x1feb9f69e10
object born id:0x1feb9f69ac8
object born id:0x1feb9f69198
object born id:0x1feb9f69cf8
object born id:0x1feb9f69da0
object born id:0x1feb9f69c18
object born id:0x1feb9f69d30
object born id:0x1feb9f69ba8
...
