方案
存儲(chǔ)前,加密后再存儲(chǔ)到數(shù)據(jù)庫
讀取后,利用 KEY 進(jìn)行解密
實(shí)現(xiàn)
ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor 是 Rails 基于 openssl 封裝實(shí)現(xiàn)的一個(gè)類,可用于對(duì)一個(gè)對(duì)象進(jìn)行加密、解密操作。例如:
salt = SecureRandom.random_bytes(64) key = ActiveSupport::KeyGenerator.new('password').generate_key(salt) # => "\x89\xE0\x156\xAC..." crypt = ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(key) # => #ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor ...> encrypted_data = crypt.encrypt_and_sign('my secret data') # => "NlFBTTMwOUV5UlA1QlNEN2xkY2d6eThYWWh..." crypt.decrypt_and_verify(encrypted_data) # => "my secret data"
serialize 是 Rails ActiveRecord 里的一個(gè)類方法,可用于執(zhí)行一個(gè) column 如何存儲(chǔ)到數(shù)據(jù)庫,以及從數(shù)據(jù)庫讀取出來后要如何處理,例如:
class User ActiveRecord::Base serialize :preferences, Hash end user = User.new user.preferences = { gender: 'male', age: 18 } user.save!
另外,Rails 還允許自定義 Serizlizer,使得開發(fā)者能夠自行決定如何做進(jìn)行序列化和反序列化。例如:
class CustomerSerializer def self.load(value) value.to_s.blank? ? "" : JSON.parse(value) end def self.dump(value) (value || {}).to_json end end class User ActiveRecord::Base serialize :preferences, CustomerSerializer end
基于此,我們可以自己實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè) serializer,使得我們能夠進(jìn)行對(duì)字段進(jìn)行加密存儲(chǔ),同時(shí)讀取出來時(shí)能夠自行進(jìn)行解密。
class EncryptedStringSerializer def self.load(value) value.to_s.blank? ? '' : decrypt(value) end def self.dump(value) encrypt(value || '') end private def self.encrypt(value) encryptor.encrypt_and_sign(value) end def self.decrypt(value) encryptor.decrypt_and_verify(value) end def self.encryptor @encryptor ||= ActiveSupport::MessageEncryptor.new(Settings.message_encryptor_key) end end class UserAddress ActiveRecord::Base serialize :phone, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :first_name, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :last_name, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :country, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :state, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :city, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :address1, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :address2, EncryptedStringSerializer serialize :zipcode, EncryptedStringSerializer end
可以改進(jìn)的點(diǎn)
加解密用的 KEY 是否過于簡單?
針對(duì)現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù),如何平滑過渡?
標(biāo)簽:自貢 鄂州 河北 淄博 石嘴山 宜春 六安 松原
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