Spring MVC 框架搭建配置方法及詳解

!-- Spring MVC配置 -->
!-- ====================================== -->
servlet> 
  servlet-name>spring/servlet-name> 
  servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet/servlet-class> 
  !-- 可以自定義servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名稱，默認(rèn)為WEB-INF目錄下，名稱為[servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml 
  init-param> 
    param-name>contextConfigLocation/param-name> 
    param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml/param-value> 默認(rèn) 
  /init-param> 
  -->
  load-on-startup>1/load-on-startup> 
/servlet> 
 
servlet-mapping> 
  servlet-name>spring/servlet-name> 
  url-pattern>*.do/url-pattern> 
/servlet-mapping> 
  
 
 
!-- Spring配置 -->
!-- ====================================== -->
listener> 
  listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener/listener-class> 
/listener> 
  
 
!-- 指定Spring Bean的配置文件所在目錄。默認(rèn)配置在WEB-INF目錄下 -->
context-param> 
  param-name>contextConfigLocation/param-name> 
  param-value>classpath:config/applicationContext.xml/param-value> 
/context-param>

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"   
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context A > 
 
  !-- 啟用spring mvc 注解 -->
  context:annotation-config /> 
 
  !-- 設(shè)置使用注解的類所在的jar包 -->
  context:component-scan base-package="controller">/context:component-scan> 
 
  !-- 完成請(qǐng)求和注解POJO的映射 -->
  bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> 
 
  !-- 對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)向頁(yè)面的路徑解析。prefix：前綴， suffix：后綴 -->
  bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/jsp/" p:suffix=".jsp" /> 
/beans>

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation=" 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> 
 
  !-- 采用hibernate.cfg.xml方式配置數(shù)據(jù)源 -->
  bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
    property name="configLocation"> 
      value>classpath:config/hibernate.cfg.xml/value> 
    /property> 
  /bean> 
   
  !-- 將事務(wù)與Hibernate關(guān)聯(lián) -->
  bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
    property name="sessionFactory"> 
      ref local="sessionFactory"/> 
    /property> 
  /bean> 
   
  !-- 事務(wù)（注解 ）-->
  tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/> 
 
  !-- 測(cè)試Service -->
  bean id="loginService" class="service.LoginService">/bean> 
 
  !-- 測(cè)試Dao -->
  bean id="hibernateDao" class="dao.HibernateDao"> 
    property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory">/property> 
  /bean> 
/beans>

package controller; 
 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 
 
import entity.User; 
 
@Controller //類似Struts的Action 
public class TestController { 
 
  @RequestMapping("test/login.do") // 請(qǐng)求url地址映射，類似Struts的action-mapping 
  public String testLogin(@RequestParam(value="username")String username, String password, HttpServletRequest request) { 
    // @RequestParam是指請(qǐng)求url地址映射中必須含有的參數(shù)(除非屬性required=false) 
    // @RequestParam可簡(jiǎn)寫為：@RequestParam("username") 
 
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password)) { 
      return "loginError"; // 跳轉(zhuǎn)頁(yè)面路徑（默認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)），該路徑不需要包含spring-servlet配置文件中配置的前綴和后綴 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
 
  @RequestMapping("/test/login2.do") 
  public ModelAndView testLogin2(String username, String password, int age){ 
    // request和response不必非要出現(xiàn)在方法中，如果用不上的話可以去掉 
    // 參數(shù)的名稱是與頁(yè)面控件的name相匹配，參數(shù)類型會(huì)自動(dòng)被轉(zhuǎn)換 
     
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age  5) { 
      return new ModelAndView("loginError"); // 手動(dòng)實(shí)例化ModelAndView完成跳轉(zhuǎn)頁(yè)面（轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)），效果等同于上面的方法返回字符串 
    } 
    return new ModelAndView(new RedirectView("../index.jsp")); // 采用重定向方式跳轉(zhuǎn)頁(yè)面 
    // 重定向還有一種簡(jiǎn)單寫法 
    // return new ModelAndView("redirect:../index.jsp"); 
  } 
 
  @RequestMapping("/test/login3.do") 
  public ModelAndView testLogin3(User user) { 
    // 同樣支持參數(shù)為表單對(duì)象，類似于Struts的ActionForm，User不需要任何配置，直接寫即可 
    String username = user.getUsername(); 
    String password = user.getPassword(); 
    int age = user.getAge(); 
     
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age  5) { 
      return new ModelAndView("loginError"); 
    } 
    return new ModelAndView("loginSuccess"); 
  } 
 
  @Resource(name = "loginService") // 獲取applicationContext.xml中bean的id為loginService的，并注入 
  private LoginService loginService; //等價(jià)于spring傳統(tǒng)注入方式寫get和set方法，這樣的好處是簡(jiǎn)潔工整，省去了不必要得代碼 
 
  @RequestMapping("/test/login4.do") 
  public String testLogin4(User user) { 
    if (loginService.login(user) == false) { 
      return "loginError"; 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
}

package controller; 
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 
 
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test2/login.do") // 指定唯一一個(gè)*.do請(qǐng)求關(guān)聯(lián)到該Controller 
public class TestController2 { 
   
  @RequestMapping
  public String testLogin(String username, String password, int age) { 
    // 如果不加任何參數(shù)，則在請(qǐng)求/test2/login.do時(shí)，便默認(rèn)執(zhí)行該方法 
     
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age  5) { 
      return "loginError"; 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
 
  @RequestMapping(params = "method=1", method=RequestMethod.POST) 
  public String testLogin2(String username, String password) { 
    // 依據(jù)params的參數(shù)method的值來(lái)區(qū)分不同的調(diào)用方法 
    // 可以指定頁(yè)面請(qǐng)求方式的類型，默認(rèn)為get請(qǐng)求 
     
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password)) { 
      return "loginError"; 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
   
  @RequestMapping(params = "method=2") 
  public String testLogin3(String username, String password, int age) { 
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age  5) { 
      return "loginError"; 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
}

package controller; 
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
 
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test3/*") // 父request請(qǐng)求url 
public class TestController3 { 
 
  @RequestMapping("login.do") // 子request請(qǐng)求url，拼接后等價(jià)于/test3/login.do 
  public String testLogin(String username, String password, int age) { 
    if (!"admin".equals(username) || !"admin".equals(password) || age  5) { 
      return "loginError"; 
    } 
    return "loginSuccess"; 
  } 
}